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View Full Version : Role of Russian Special Forces, esp OSNAZ FSB/MVD?



Britboy
11-15-2008, 08:34 AM
Hallo all,

Trying to decipher Russia's security forces, which I'm sure many of our members here are familiar with, so here it goes.

Firstly, I was interested to learn that Russian Army & Naval special forces (not Naval Infantry like Marines, but Naval Spetsnatz, 'Delfin' I believe they are termed) are actually subordinated to the Military Intelligence service directly?
I've no doubt Western SF work bloody closely with the Int organisations in their various defence forces, but they seem to exist as a separate entity. Whilst I can certainly see the advantage of putting Spetsnaz under Int, making them 'Spetsnaz GRU', does this limit their application in other, non-int-led, irregular warfare taskings at all?

Secondly, I was interested to learn that many SF units are not Spetsnaz but Osnaz, that is they belong not to the MoD but to the MVD (Min of Interior Affairs), FSB (Domestic security service), FPS (Federal protective service). I am taking it that these units fulfil the role of 'police SF' that would be done by SO19 et al in the UK for example?

So what is their relation with MoD forces? Particularly when deployed alongside the Ground Forces in Chechnya for example? How do they work out the command structure and such?

Where do they recruit from if they are not MoD? MVD Internal Troops and Militsiya/Police/OMON/SOBR type units? From the FSB more generally? Other govt agencies? Or can they take interested Armed Forces blokes?

Also, there is great mention of FSB/FSK (counterint service) SF units existing or having been in existence... These are for domestic security at home, makes sense.

However, what of SF units of the foreign intelligence service? Does the SVR have this capability, or is that what Spetsnaz GRU was envisaged for (hence coming under GRU/int umbrella) as well as Army type work with the Ground Forces?

Additionally, any others I left out? State Committee for Combating the Trafficking of Psychotropic Substances SF, like US DEA?

Apologies for the rather broad post, and many questions, but to an outsider its a rather confusing mixyblob of different organisations, which I wish to sort out in my head :p

Cheers all!
BB

Difool
11-15-2008, 09:39 AM
Yep,
that's a difficult topic.
For a short discription you can read the following document:
http://www.spets.dk/what_is_spetsnaz.pdf
SpetsNaz and OsNaz are quite the same. In general the military SF are called SpetsNaz and the militia/interior-troops SF are called OsNaz.
But the military SIGINT/elecronic warfare units are also called OsNaz, while the russian media calls foreign SF units SpetsNaz as well.
And than there is not only OsNaz for "osobogo naznacheniya" but also OSN for "otryad Spetsialnogo Naznacheniya" which means "SpetsNaz unit" (OOSN for independent SpetsNaz unit). But in my experience the GRU SF units are called OSN as well as the VV SF units.

To the FSB belong the Gruppa A and V units (antiterror, hijacking, hostages, etc) . The border troops are subordinated to the FSB and have there own SF units.
The departement of justice, the customs office and other branches like the MChS have them as well.
To the MVD belong the OMON and OMSN (SWAT like duties and riot control) militia units as well as the various OSN brigades of the interior troops (Rus, Vityaz, ODON, etc.). These are mainly dealing with terrorists or highly dangerous criminals and in hostage crises.
The VDV have the 45th SpetsNaz Reconnaissance Rgt.
Than there are SpetsNaz brigades subordinated to the GRU or to the military districts and additionally several independent smaller units.
The army, airborne troops, air force and naval infantry have recon groups that fulfill SF like duties.

Hope that's a little help, but better let our russian members explain.

Arbody
11-15-2008, 08:17 PM
1. GRU


2-я отдельная бригада специального назначения (http://www.bratishka.ru/specnaz/gru/1.php)
3-я гвардейская отдельная Варшавско-Берлинская Краснознаменная ордена Суворова III степени бригада специального назначения (http://www.bratishka.ru/specnaz/gru/2.php)
12-я отдельная бригада специального назначения (http://www.bratishka.ru/specnaz/gru/3.php)
14-я отдельная бригада специального назначения (http://www.bratishka.ru/specnaz/gru/4.php)
16-я отдельная бригада специального назначения (http://www.bratishka.ru/specnaz/gru/5.php)
22-я гвардейская отдельная бригада специального назначения (http://www.bratishka.ru/specnaz/gru/6.php)
24-я отдельная бригада специального назначения (http://www.bratishka.ru/specnaz/gru/7.php)
67-я отдельная бригада специального назначения (http://www.bratishka.ru/specnaz/gru/8.php)


2 VDV


7-я гвардейская воздушно-десантная краснознаменная ордена Кутузова II степени дивизия (http://www.bratishka.ru/specnaz/vdv/1.php)
76-я гвардейская воздушно-десантная черниговская краснознаменноя дивизия (http://www.bratishka.ru/specnaz/vdv/2.php)
98-я гвардейская воздушно-десантная свирская краснознаменная ордена Кутузова II степени дивизия (http://www.bratishka.ru/specnaz/vdv/3.php)
106-я гвардейская воздушно-десантная краснознаменная ордена Кутузова II степени дивизия (http://www.bratishka.ru/specnaz/vdv/4.php)
31-я гвардейская отдельная воздушно-десантная ордена Кутузова II степени бригада (http://www.bratishka.ru/specnaz/vdv/5.php)
45-й гвардейский отдельный разведывательный полк ВДВ (http://www.bratishka.ru/specnaz/vdv/6.php)
38-й отдельный полк связи (http://www.bratishka.ru/specnaz/vdv/7.php)
242 учебный центр ВДВ (http://www.bratishka.ru/specnaz/vdv/8.php)
Рязанское высшее воздушно-десантное командное дважды краснознаменное училище имени генерала армии Маргелова В.Ф. (http://www.bratishka.ru/specnaz/vdv/9.php)
332 Школа прапорщиков ВДВ (http://www.bratishka.ru/specnaz/vdv/10.php)

3. FSB
Управление "А" (http://www.bratishka.ru/specnaz/fsb/a.php)
Управление "В" (http://www.bratishka.ru/specnaz/fsb/v.php)


4. VV Internal Troops
Витязь (http://www.bratishka.ru/specnaz/vv/vityaz/vityaz.php)

Britboy
11-17-2008, 08:36 PM
Gents, thats good stuff, cheers.

However, the more I learn, the more I realise I don't know. Found out today the Bordger Guards under FSB have their own Spetsnaz unit as well (I think?), separate from Alfa and Vympel I suppose?

Basically since its a rather confusing subject, does anyone have a comprehensive ORBAT for all these organisations and their troops and spetsnaz?

I know some information will not be accessible and unfortunately I don't know Russian, but if anyone could point us at an Order of Battle/organisation chart just to visualise how it all fits together, that'd be grand. Cheers!